2022年初中英語介詞：表示其他意義的介詞

(1)on ,about 關于

on 表示這本書、文章、演說是嚴肅的學術性的，供專門研究這一問題的人閱讀;

about表示內容較為普通，不那么正式。

例句：There will be a lecture on economics this afternoon.

He is writing a book on cooking.

He told me a lot about his life in the summer vocation.

(2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具

by 以……方法、手段或泛指某種交通工具;

with 表示用 …工具、手段，一般接具體的工具和手段;

in 表示用…方式，用…語言(語調、筆墨、顏色)等;

例句：He makes a living by selling newspapers.

He broke the window with a stone.

The foreigner spoke to us in English.

(3)except, besides 除了

except 除……之外，不包括在內;

besides 除……之外，包括在內。

例句：Except Mr. Wang, we went to see the film.(王先生沒去)

Besides Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film.(王先生也去了)

⑴ this / that / these / those / last / next / a / every / each等詞構成的時間短語,前面不用任何介詞。如：Every year travelers from abroad come to visit Pingyao.(每年都有國外的游客來游覽平窯鎮)/ He had a bad cold that week.(那個星期他患重感冒)

⑵ for有時用來引出動詞不定式的邏輯主語,常翻譯成"對于…而言"。如：It's too hard for me to finish the work in only one hour.(讓我在區區一個小時內完成這項工作太難了)/ The house is big enough for 10 men to live in.(房子夠大的可以容10個人住)

⑶ of有時用來表示后面的人物正好是前面的表語的邏輯主語。如：It's very nice/kind of you to do so.(你這么做真是太好了)

⑷ 介詞有時會與它的賓語分離,而且賓語前置。

當賓語是疑問詞時。Who are you talking about?(你們在談論誰?)

賓語在從句中當連接詞時。He has a younger brother who he must take good care of.(他有一個需要他照顧的小弟。) / Do you know who our teacher is talking with over there?(你知道我們的老師在那邊和什么人談話嗎?)

動詞不定式作定語且該動詞為不及物動詞,后面有介詞。I finally found a chair to sit on.(我最終找到了一張椅子坐。)

(5) 記住一些固定詞組：arrive at/in(到達…),on foot(步行),not…at all(根本不),to the north of(在…以北),in the east of(在…的東部),in the night(在夜間),at night(在晚上),be afraid of(害怕…),be full of(充滿/ 裝滿….),be filled with(充滿/ 裝滿….),be good/bad for(對…有益/有害),be made of(由…做成),be made from(由…制造),play with(玩耍……),look out of(朝…外面看),at the end of(在…末梢/結束時),by the end of(不遲于…/到…末為止),with the help of或with one's help(在…的幫助下),look after(照料…),look for(尋找…),on a bike(=by bike)騎車, help sb. with(幫某人做…),get on (well) with(與某人相處[融洽]),等等。

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