定語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換

定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞(短語)、非謂語動詞(短語)、介詞短語等形式。

(1)非限制性定語從句轉(zhuǎn)化為兩個簡單句、并列句、獨立主格或 同位語形式。

I found many flowers in the garden, most of which were red.

① I found many flowers in the garden; most of them were red.(兩個簡單句)

② I found many flowers in the garden. Most of them were red.(兩個簡單句)

③ I found many flowers in the garden, and most of them were red.(并列句)

④ I found many flowers in the garden and most of them were red.(并列句)

⑤ I found many flowers in the garden, most of them red.(獨立主格)我在花園里看到了很多花兒，大部分都是紅色的。

We finally reached London, which was the end of our journey.→ We finally reached London, the end of our journey.(同位語)

我們抵達了倫敦——我們行程的終點。

(2)限制性定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成含有形容詞、非謂語動詞或介詞的短語。

1)在定語從句中，如果謂語動詞是主動語態(tài)，就用現(xiàn)在分詞短語替換;如果是被動語態(tài)，可用過去分詞替換;如果是單個動詞要放在中心詞之前，動詞短語要后置。

① The girl who is crying is my sister.→ The crying girl is my sister.

正在哭泣的女孩是我的妹妹。

② The girl who is crying behind the tree is my sister.→ The girl crying behind the tree is my sister.

在樹后哭泣的女孩是我的妹妹。

③ This is a story which was written by Charles Dickens.→ This is a story written by Charles Dickens.

這是由查爾斯•狄更斯創(chuàng)作 的一個故事。

④ The man who owns that car will be fined for illegal parking.→ The man owning that car will be fined for illegal parking.

那輛車的車主將會因為違章停車而被罰款。

2)在定語從句中，如果含有情態(tài)動詞或先行詞前有序數(shù)詞first, last, next等，可以將其轉(zhuǎn)化為含有不定式作定語的簡單句。

① You need someone who can look after you.→ You need someone to look after you.

你需要有人來照顧。

② Mary was the first student who arrived at the square.→ Mary was the first student to arrive at the square.

瑪麗是最先到達廣場的學(xué)生。

3)在定語從句中，如果謂語動詞含有be的形式，表語是介詞短語、形容詞(短語)，在不影響理解的前提下，可以轉(zhuǎn)化成上述短語作定語的簡單句。

① The girl who is behind the tree is my sister.→ The girl behind the tree is my sister.

樹后面的那個女孩是我的妹妹。

② Soldiers must be people who are not afraid of death.→ Soldiers must be people not afraid of death.

軍人必須是不畏犧牲的人。

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