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來源：網絡資源 2023-07-07 21:39:17
連詞
是一種在句子與句子之間，短語之間以及名詞等其他詞語之間起連接作用的虛詞，它不能單獨作句子的成份。按其意義可分為并列連詞和從屬連詞兩大類。
常有的并列連詞有
并列連詞連接的雙方是對等的。and, both…and, either…or, neither…nor， not only…but also, as well as等。但如果連接的兩部分意義不趨向一致，：but, however, while (而)，only (只不過)。
還有表示選擇關系的并列連詞，
如：or, or else, otherwise… 再有的是連接雙方，互為因果，或表示前因后果的連詞有：for, so, therefore (因此)，then等。
從屬連詞在初中范圍內常常用來連接名詞性從句，
如：that, if, whether, 其次用來連接狀語從句。：when , while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till。
連接條件狀語的連詞有：
if, unless, as long as 等，because, since, as, now that (既然)。so that, so…that, such…that, as…as, than, where… 它們在句子與文章中幾乎無處不見。
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并列連詞 |
用法 |
例句 |
|
and |
表并列或順承關系 |
He came into the classroom and put his schoolbag on the desk. |
|
用于“祈使句，and +陳述句”結構 |
Be careful, and you will make fewer mistakes. |
|
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or |
意為“或者”，表示任選其一 |
Do you want to go the zoo or the museum? |
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意為“否則”，用于“祈使句，or +陳述句”結構 |
Please be quick, or we will miss the last bus. |
|
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so |
表示因果關系 |
It’s raining heavily now, so we have to put off the P.E class. |
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for |
表示原因，及附帶理由 |
I must be off now, for it is getting late. |
并列連詞短語
|
連詞短語 |
意義用法 |
例句 |
|
neither--nor- |
既不--也不,謂語動詞的數遵循“就近原則” |
Neither he nor his children like fish. |
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either--or-- |
或者--或者--，謂語動詞的數遵循“就近原則” |
Either you or he is wrong. |
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both--and-- |
兩者都，謂語動詞用復數形式 |
Both she and I are good at English. |
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not only-- but also |
不但--而且-，謂語動詞的數遵循“就近原則” |
Not only you but also he wants to buy the book. |
1.引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞
|
從屬連詞 |
用法 |
例句 |
|
when 當--時候 |
引導的從句中，謂語動詞可以是短暫性動詞也可以是延續性動詞 |
It was raining when he came out of the office. |
|
while 當--時候 |
引導的從句中，謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞，且常用進行時 |
Don't make any noise while others are reading in the library. |
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before 在--之前 |
“在……之前”，從句的動作通常發生在主句動作之后 |
She reached the train station before he called her yesterday. |
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after 在---之后 |
“在……之后”，從句的動作通常發生在主句動作之前 |
He turned off the light and went to bed after he cleaned the room. |
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until
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常用在“not...until...”結構中，表示“直到……才……” |
Nancy didn't appear until it was ten o'clock last night. |
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as 一邊--一邊 |
表示一件事情在發生，另一件事情也在同時發生 |
The students took notes as they listened to the radio in English class. |
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as soon as 一--就-- |
表示從句的動作一發生，主句的動作就隨之發生 |
I'll write a letter to you as soon as I get to America. |
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since 自從 |
從句常用一般過去時，主句用現在完成時 |
The girl who can speak English smoothly has lived in London since she was five years old. |
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once 一旦 |
表示從句動作一發生，主句的動作就隨之發生 |
Once they find people in trouble, they are eager to help them without payment. |
2.引導條件狀語從句的從屬連詞
|
連詞 |
用法 |
例句 |
|
if 如果 |
主句用一般現在時，主句通常用一般將來時，即主將從現，但有時用主情從現或主祈從現。 |
1.If he has time tomorrow, he will come to the meeting. 2.None can succeed if he doesn’t work hard. |
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unless 除非，如果不 |
主句用一般現在時，主句通常用一般將來時，即主將從現，但有時用主情從現或主祈從現。。 unless可轉化成if--not結構。 |
1.He won’t finish the work unless he works hard. 2.If it doesn’t rain, go for a picnic. |
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as long as 只要 |
主句用一般現在時，主句通常用一般將來時，即主將從現。 |
You can take any book as long as you like. |
3.引導讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞
|
連詞 |
意義 |
例句 |
|
because |
表示造成某種情況的直接原因，語氣最強，常用來回答由why引導的問句，其從句的位置通常在主句的后面。 |
He has to leave because it is too late. 因為太晚了，他不得不走。 |
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since |
since語氣比as稍強，不表示直接的或根本的原因，而是一種已知的或非常顯然的理由，since引導的從句通常位于主句之前。 |
Since everyone is here, let’s start. 既然大家到齊了，我們就出發吧！ |
|
as |
as是從屬連詞，表示原因時，語氣最弱，所說的原因比較明顯或是已知的事實，它引導的從句一般位于主句之前。 |
We all like her as she is kind. 我們都喜歡她，因為她善良。 |
4.引導方式狀語從句的從屬連詞
|
連詞 |
意義 |
例句 |
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as |
按照--方式 |
She always does as her father tells her. |
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as if |
似乎，好像 |
He walked around as if he was looking for something. |
5.引導結果狀語從句的從屬連詞
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連詞 |
意義 |
用法及例句 |
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so --that |
如此--以至于 |
so后跟形容詞副詞原形。(so--that--結構常與too--to結構轉化）。 She was so tired that she couldn’t go any farther
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such --that |
such后跟名詞或名詞性詞組。 It’s such a fine day that many people go to the park for fun. |
6.引導結果狀語從句的從屬連詞
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連詞 |
意義 |
用法 |
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so that |
以便于，為了 |
They sped up so that they could get there on time. |
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in order that |
為了
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