2024年初中英語語法人稱代詞知識講解及練習(xí)

英語中考專項(xiàng)講解練習(xí)-代詞(人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞)

一、代詞的定義

代替名詞的詞叫做代詞。

二、代詞的分類

英語中代詞分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞、疑問代詞、連接代詞和不定代詞等等。

三、人稱代詞

人稱代詞代替人和事物的名稱,分為主格和賓格兩種形式。

1.主格主要用來作句子的主語。如：

I often go shopping on Sundays.

星期天我常去購物

Are they from Brazil?

他們是巴西人嗎?

*注：

如果有幾個(gè)人稱代詞并列充當(dāng)主語，他們的順序是you, he, I

2.賓格主要用來作及物動(dòng)詞或者介詞的賓語。如：

Who teaches you English this year?

今年誰教你們的英語?

Help me!

救救我!

We often write letters to her.

我們常給她寫信(介詞賓語)

3.人稱代詞作表語或者放在比較狀語從句連詞than或as之后時(shí),可以用主格形式,也可以用賓格形式,口語中大多用賓格。如：

–Who is it? 是誰?

–It’s I/me. 是我。

4.人稱代詞it的使用方法

-表示“時(shí)間、天氣、溫度、距離、情況”等含義

— What’s the weather like today? (今天天氣怎樣?)

— It’s fine.(天氣晴好)

— What’s the time?(幾點(diǎn)啦?)

— It’s 12：00.(12點(diǎn))

It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here.

-It作為先行詞，在句中作形式主語和形式賓語*

It is wrong to ear monkeys, so I don’t. 真正的主語是不定式短語to eat monkey，后置是因?yàn)橛⒄Z中講究尾重原則，句子中越重要的信息越要放在句尾，句子后面的部分要比主語更長。

It won’t be easy finding out way home.

四、物主代詞

說明事物所屬關(guān)系的代詞,分為形容詞性和名詞性兩種。

1.形容詞性物主代詞只能作句子中名詞的修飾語,后面要跟名詞。如：

Is that your umbrella?

I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.

These are their books.

2.名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于名詞,既代替事物又表明所屬關(guān)系,在句子中往往獨(dú)立地作主語、賓語或者表語,后面千萬不可以跟名詞。如：

This is your cup, but where is mine?(這是你的杯子,可我的在哪兒?)

Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small. (你們的教室很大,我們的相當(dāng)小)

3.“of + 名詞性物主代詞”稱為雙重所有格,作定語時(shí)放在名詞的后面。如：

A friend of mine came to see me yesterday. (我的一個(gè)朋友昨天來看我了) (指若干朋友中有一個(gè)來看我。)

My friend came to see me yesterday. (我的朋友昨天來看我了)(指我的那個(gè)特定的朋友來看我。)

五、反身代詞

表示謂語的動(dòng)作與主語有關(guān)或者賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)作與賓語有關(guān)。

1.反身代詞在句子中作賓語表示反射(指一個(gè)動(dòng)作回到該動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者本身)。如：

Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.

(不要玩刀子,那會割傷你的)

2.在句子中作同位語表示強(qiáng)調(diào)(即用來強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞或代詞的語氣)。如：

The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well.

(故事本身是好的,只是他沒有講好)

3.help oneself to 隨便吃:

help yourself to the cake.

enjoy oneself過得很快活:

They enjoyed themselves at the park.

teach oneself 自學(xué)：

She taught myself Latin.

devote oneself to 獻(xiàn)身于：

Madame Curie devoted herself to science.

同步練習(xí)

一、用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q代詞填空：

1. _____ is my aunt. We often visit ____.

2. China is a developing country. __ is in the east of Asia.

3. - What day is ____ today?

- ____ is Thursday.

4. These new houses are so nice. ___ are very expensive.

5. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at English .

6. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ?

7. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy.

答案：

(1.She,her 2.It 3. it,It 4.They 5.He 6.her 7.It)

二、用人稱代詞或物主代詞填空：

1. I own a blue bike. The red one isn’t ___ . (I)

2. Ling Ling is a girl. __ studies in a primary school. __ brother lives with __ and helps __ with__ lessons. (She)

3. I ate all __ sandwiches yesterday. (I)

4. Can I have one of __? (you)

5. George has lost __ pen. Ask Mary if she will lend him _ .

6. Jack has a dog and so have I. __ (he) dog and __ (I) had a fight.

7. The teacher wants you to return that book of _ . (he)

8. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of __ are coming to see us. (they)

9. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of __ . (we)

10. This isn’t___ knife. ___ is green. (she)

答案：

(1.mine 2.She,Her,her,her,her 3.my 4.yours 5.his,hers 6.His,my 7.his 8.theirs 9.ours 10.her,Hers

三. 選擇填空：

1. Those girls enjoyed ____ in the party last night.

A. them

B. they

C. themselves

D. herself

2. Help ____ to some fish, children.

A. yourself

B. your

C. yours

D. yourselves

3. The film ____ is very fun.

A. it’s

B. itself

C. it

D. its

4. –Who teaches ____ math?

–I teach ______.

A. your, myself

B. you, myself

C. you, me

D. you, herself

5. The father will make ____ a bike ____.

A. her, himself

B. she, himself

C. her, herself

D. she, herself

6. The scarf is ____, she made it_____.

A. herself, her

B. herself, hers

C. hers, herself

D. her, herself

7. ____ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.

A. She, you and I

B. You, she and I

C. I, you and she

D. Her, me and you

8. Luckily, he didn’t hurt ____ terribly yesterday.

A. him

B. themselves

C. himself

D. they

9. Between you and ____, he is not a real friend.

A. me

B. I

C. he

D. his

答案：

(1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.A)

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